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Global Economic Competition
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The United States in cooperation with its allies has imposed controls since 1949 on exports to the Soviet bloc of commercial goods and information that would be of significant value to Warsaw Pact military systems. Since the late 1970s, there has been significantly increased concern in the United States about Soviet success in acquiring and applying this commercial Western technology, a concern that was translated into a vigorous effort to improve the effectiveness of national security export controls. The Department of Defense spearheaded this initiative, which has resulted in substantial strengthening of controls on dual use technology (i.e., items with both commercial and military application), primarily under the authority of the Export Administration Act of 1979, as amended. These stricter controls, however, have caused broad concern about unintended effects that may dampen the vigor of U.S. research and technology development and unnecessarily impede trade in high-technology goods.
In 1982 a panel of the National Academy complex (now known as the Corson panel after its chairman Dale Corson) examined the effect of national security export controls on the communication of basic scientific research. The results of that study led to an executive branch policy intended to minimize restraints on the vital free flow of scientific results and research findings. During the ensuing period, representatives of industry and research institutions in the United States expressed misgivings about the effect of export controls on the U.S.
National Academy of Sciences - Personal Name
1st Edtion
0-309-54270-7
NONE
Global Economic Competition
Economics
English
1987
1-336
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