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Environmental Policy
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The Fifth European Programme of Actions adopted in 1992 proposed a new approach to environmental policy. This new approach implies, in particular, a reinforcement of the dialogue with industry and the encouragement, in appropriate circumstances, of voluntary agreements and other forms of self- regulation. Four years later, the European Commission reiterated its emphasis on voluntary approaches with the adoption of a Communication (COM 96/ 561) which sets a framework for the use and devising of environmental agreements with polluting industries. About 310 voluntary approaches (about twice the number of environmental charges) are currently inventoried in European Union. In OECD countries, 350 voluntary approaches specifically related to C02 emissions reduction are presently in force (OECD, 1997).
Among the reasons for the success of voluntary approaches are the growing administrative costs of direct regulation and the increasing duration of the process of legislation, the difficulties in introducing environmental taxes and the strong support voluntary approaches get from industrial interest groups.
CARLO CARRARO - Personal Name
1st Edtion
978-94-015-9311-3
NONE
Environmental Policy
Management
English
KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS
1999
1-265
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