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Knowledge-Based Production Management: Approaches, Results and Prospects
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Over the past decade, a large (and continually increasing) number of efforts (both research and
development) have sought to investigate and exploit the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) concepts and
techniques in production management applications. In some cases, Al-based concepts have provided
frameworks for making traditional Operations Research (OR) techniques more accessible and usable in
practical production management settings. In others, novel concepts and techniques have been
developed that offer new opportunities for more cost-effective factory performance. While this field of
"knowledge-based" production management is still fairly young and the literature is still dominated by
experimental research systems, results are nonetheless starting to have an impact in actual production
environments. In recent years, several systems have made their way into operation, and many have been
attributed with substantial manufacturing performance gains. In this paper, we provide an overview of research in the field of knowledge-based production
management. We begin by examining the important sources of decision-making difficulty in practical
production management domains, discussing the requirements implied by each with respect to the
development of effective production management tools, and identifying the general opportunities in this
regard provided by Al-based technology. We then categorize work in the field along several different
dimensions, indicating the principal types of manufacturing domains that have received attention, the
particular production management and control activities that have been emphasized, and the various
perspectives that have emerged with respect to the tradeoff that must be made in practical production
management contexts between predictive decision-making to optimize behavior and reactive decisionmaking
to manage executional uncertainty. The bulk of the paper focuses on summarizing the dominant
approaches to knowledge-based production management that have emerged. Here, we identify the
general concepts, principles, and techniques that distinguish various paradigms, characterize the
strengths and weaknesses of each paradigm from the standpoint of different production management
requirements, and indicate the results that work within each paradigm has produced to date. Among the
paradigms for knowledge-based production management considered are rule-based scheduling,
simulation-based scheduling, constraint-based scheduling, fuzzy scheduling, planning and scheduling,
iterative scheduling, and interactive scheduling. We also examine work aimed at integrating
heterogeneous planning and scheduling methods (both AI and OR based) and the construction of
systems for multi-level production management and control. Finally, we survey more recent research in
the areas of distributed production management and automated learning of factory floor control policies
from experience. We conclude by discussing the current and future prospects of this work. In doing so,
we also identify some of the important obstacles and challenges currently facing the field.
Stephen F. Smith - Personal Name
NONE
Knowledge-Based Production Management: Approaches, Results and Prospects
Management
English
1991
1-43
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